Public dossier section · @ben
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This is @ben's profile revision 1. The original date and editorial confidence below are attributed to its publisher, not independent verification.
Original credited author: Hraness
AI-drafted at Ben Guo's direct request and credited to Hraness; every claim links to its cataloged source.
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ink & switch: sources
every source cited in the ink & switch history, with its date and type.
- feyerke in a list apart — offline-first canon — alistapart.com (2013-12-04, reporting). feyerke in a list apart — offline-first canon
- first supported release… ground-up rewrite — automerge.org (2023-01, primary). "first supported release… ground-up rewrite"; alex good full-time; support options
- automerge.org — automerge.org (2025-07, primary). 3.0 release; moby dick 700mb→1.3mb; 17h→9s load — vendor-reported
- release timeline: 2 — automerge.org (2026-08, primary). release timeline: 2.0 jan 2023 → monthly 2026 series
- original js repo — github (2017-04-19, repo). original js repo; created 2017-04-19; ~14.7k stars at access
- subduction sync — automerge.org (2026-07, primary). subduction sync; backstitch; braid agent issue tracker; coln; teamtype
- automerge repo launch post — automerge.org (2023-11, primary). automerge repo launch post
- third-party lineage essay: engelbart→kay→i&s malleable software — brainmindsociety.org (2026, reporting). third-party lineage essay: engelbart→kay→i&s malleable software
- capstone credits list — github (2018, repo). capstone credits list; "no longer developing"
- wiggins interview — changelog (2022-11-11, interview). wiggins interview; "2015 is when we reconvened"; founding with lindenbaum & henry
- definitional critique — deobald.ca (2026-01-01, community). definitional critique; local-first as spectrum; kleppmann 2024 redefinition
- beekem key agreement — inkandswitch.com (2025-02, primary). beekem key agreement; inkling open-sourced; lfc 2025 dates (may 27–28 berlin)
- automerge 3 — inkandswitch.com (2025-07, primary). automerge 3.0 official launch
- dispatch index nov 2023–jun 2026 — inkandswitch.com (2026-06, primary). dispatch index nov 2023–jun 2026; proves continuous operation
- acm doi record — doi.org (2019-10, reference). acm doi record; proceedings citation
- dxos stack: echo p2p crdt db, composer workspace, cloud-optional — dxos.org (2026, primary). dxos stack: echo p2p crdt db, composer workspace, cloud-optional
- earthstar spec/library for offline-first apps — earthstar-project.org (2025, primary). earthstar spec/library for offline-first apps
- earthstar repo — github (2020-05-24, repo). earthstar repo; created 2020-05-24; ~919 stars
- electrics clean rebuild — electric.ax (2024-07-17, primary). electric's clean rebuild; drops write-path merging for read-path sync
- complete essay list w/ years (2018–2025) — inkandswitch.com (2026-09, primary). complete essay list w/ years (2018–2025)
- livestore early access — expo.dev (2024-11, primary). livestore early access; "based on… the riffle project"; overtone app
- feyerke/hoodie say hello to offline first — term origin — github (2013-11-05, primary). feyerke/hoodie "say hello to offline first" — term origin
- litt: in september, i left my research position at ink & switch… now work at notion — buttondown (2025-09, primary). litt: "in september, i left my research position at ink & switch… now work at notion"
- litt: malleable software in the age of llms — bridges to agent era — geoffreylitt.com (2023-03-25, primary). litt: "malleable software in the age of llms" — bridges to agent era
- ambsheets: 178 pts — hacker news (2025-02-04, community). ambsheets: 178 pts
- show hn anytype local-first p2p: 184 pts — hacker news (2023-12-28, community). show hn anytype local-first p2p: 184 pts
- automerge 2 — hacker news (2023-01-30, community). automerge 2.0: 717 pts, 89 comments
- automerge github thread: 274 pts, 69 comments — hacker news (2022-02-21, community). automerge github thread: 274 pts, 69 comments
- automerge site thread: 268 pts, 58 comments — hacker news (2024-07-16, community). automerge site thread: 268 pts, 58 comments
- automerge 3 — hacker news (2025-08-03, community). automerge 3.0: 353 pts
- automerge-repo: 219 pts — hacker news (2023-11-08, community). automerge-repo: 219 pts; miller/pvh benchmark exchange; pvh funding quote
- cambria lenses: 101 pts — hacker news (2020-10-06, community). cambria lenses: 101 pts
- capstone: 254 pts, 41 comments — hacker news (2019-06-23, community). capstone: 254 pts, 41 comments
- show hn colanode: 147 pts — hacker news (2025-04-24, community). show hn colanode: 147 pts
- josephg conversion essay: 1,181 pts, 312 comments — hacker news (2020-09-28, community). josephg conversion essay: 1,181 pts, 312 comments
- darn (i&s filesystem collab editing): 3 pts — minimal traction — hacker news (2026-03-09, community). darn (i&s filesystem collab editing): 3 pts — minimal traction
- zero launch: 99 pts — hacker news (2024-12-18, community). zero launch: 99 pts; boodman on replicache maintenance mode
- show hn electricsql: 617 pts, 170 comments — hacker news (2023-09-20, community). show hn electricsql: 617 pts, 170 comments
- end-user programming essay: 105 pts — hacker news (2019-03-23, community). end-user programming essay: 105 pts
- show hn fireproof: 99 pts — hacker news (2024-11-19, community). show hn fireproof: 99 pts
- crdts: the hard parts: 404 pts, 124 comments — hacker news (2020-07-11, community). "crdts: the hard parts": 404 pts, 124 comments
- inkbase/programmable ink: 675 pts, 83 comments — hacker news (2022-11-30, community). inkbase/programmable ink: 675 pts, 83 comments
- keyhive: 167 pts — hacker news (2025-10-02, community). keyhive: 167 pts
- lfc announcement: 3 pts — conference traction was offline, not hn — hacker news (2024-02-27, community). lfc announcement: 3 pts — conference traction was offline, not hn
- livestore beta at lfc: 156 pts, 43 comments — hacker news (2025-05-27, community). livestore beta at lfc: 156 pts, 43 comments
- prokopov essay thread: 689 pts, 280 comments — hacker news (2024-06-25, community). prokopov essay thread: 689 pts, 280 comments; skeptics vs loyalists
- essay launch thread: 566 pts, 190 comments — hacker news (2019-05-02, community). essay launch thread: 566 pts, 190 comments
- repost: 68 pts — hacker news (2020-07-29, community). repost: 68 pts; crdt-worship skepticism; haverbeke link
- repost: 262 pts, 131 comments — hacker news (2020-08-02, community). repost: 262 pts, 131 comments
- repost: 185 pts — hacker news (2022-06-02, community). repost: 185 pts
- repost: 227 pts — hacker news (2023-10-02, community). repost: 227 pts
- biggest thread: 883 pts, 297 comments — hacker news (2025-07-05, community). biggest thread: 883 pts, 297 comments
- show hn localgpt local-first ai: 331 pts, 153 comments — hacker news (2026-02-08, community). show hn localgpt local-first ai: 331 pts, 153 comments
- malleable software essay: 294 pts, 114 comments — hacker news (2025-06-10, community). malleable software essay: 294 pts, 114 comments
- malleable systems collective manifesto: 336 pts, 204 comments — hacker news (2020-04-13, community). malleable systems collective manifesto: 336 pts, 204 comments
- morning-paper thread: 748 pts, 239 comments — hacker news (2019-11-20, community). morning-paper thread: 748 pts, 239 comments
- muse essay: 137 pts — hacker news (2019-05-03, community). muse essay: 137 pts
- peritext essay: 76 pts — hacker news (2021-11-23, community). peritext essay: 76 pts
- potluck: 201 pts — hacker news (2022-11-01, community). potluck: 201 pts
- sketchy calendar: 156 pts — hacker news (2025-05-22, community). sketchy calendar: 156 pts
- slow software: 438 pts, 260 comments — hacker news (2018-11-21, community). slow software: 438 pts, 260 comments
- upwelling: 37 pts — hacker news (2023-03-09, community). upwelling: 37 pts
- ten this year — inkandswitch.com (2026-09, primary). "ten this year"; four research areas; allume/automerge as production software; lfc 2026 + godotcon appearances
- alex good qcon london talk — infoq.com (2026-04-08, interview). alex good qcon london talk; "i work at ink & switch… maintaining a library"
- wiggins: cloud-native→local-first — infoq.com (2026-06-29, interview). wiggins: cloud-native→local-first; hybrid ai/local models remark
- zero 1 — infoq.com (2026-06, reporting). zero 1.0 news; field framing (electric, instant, powersync, convex; jazz pointer)
- matt webb lab survey — interconnected.org (2021-03-15, reporting). matt webb lab survey; cites i&s "march 2015 pitch deck"
- ivan reese announcing the supporters/funding page — nostr.ae (2025-04, community). ivan reese announcing the supporters/funding page
- jazz v2 alpha — jazz.tools (2026-04-18, primary). jazz v2 alpha; credits i&s's cambria/peritext/keyhive + ecosystem libs
- reservations: storage limits, migrations, permissions — joodaloop.com (2024, community). reservations: storage limits, migrations, permissions; "irreducible complexity" (undated; reported)
- gentle: i was wrong — josephg.com (2020-09-28, community). gentle: "i was wrong. crdts are the future"
- hydra talk — martin.kleppmann.com (2020-07-06, primary). hydra talk; "easy to implement badly"
- kleppmanns publication note — martin.kleppmann.com (2019-10-23, primary). kleppmann's publication note
- first lfc, berlin — localfirstconf.com (2024-05-30, community). first lfc, berlin; organizers and speaker list
- lfc 2025 (may 26–28) — localfirstconf.com (2025-05, community). lfc 2025 (may 26–28); pvh pre-day; "ink & switch lab director" billing
- lfc 2026, festsaal kreuzberg — localfirstconf.com (2026-07-12, community). lfc 2026, festsaal kreuzberg; lab day hosted by ink & switch; wiggins/dahlberg/mann bios
- site for the worlds first local-first conference — github (2024-05-30, repo). "site for the world's first local-first conference. berlin 30th may 2024"
- livestore positioning — livestore.dev (2026, primary). livestore positioning; riffle→livestore lineage statement
- schickling: livestore open-source beta after 4 years — linkedin (2025-05-27, primary). schickling: livestore open-source beta after 4 years
- 35 upvotes — lobsters (2019-05-02, community). 35 upvotes; ssb "independent reinvention" critique preserved
Original source occurrences
- feyerke in a list apart — offline-first canon · alistapart.com · 2013-12-04 (day) · original ID: src-ci-alistapart
feyerke in a list apart — offline-first canon
- first supported release… ground-up rewrite · automerge.org · 2023-01 (month) · original ID: src-ci-automerge-2
"first supported release… ground-up rewrite"; alex good full-time; support options
- automerge.org · automerge.org · 2025-07 (month) · original ID: src-ci-automerge-3
3.0 release; moby dick 700mb→1.3mb; 17h→9s load — vendor-reported
- release timeline: 2 · automerge.org · 2026-08 (month) · original ID: src-ci-automerge-blog-index
release timeline: 2.0 jan 2023 → monthly 2026 series
- original js repo · github · 2017-04-19 (day) · original ID: src-ci-automerge-classic-gh
original js repo; created 2017-04-19; ~14.7k stars at access
- subduction sync · automerge.org · 2026-07 (month) · original ID: src-ci-automerge-july-26
subduction sync; backstitch; braid agent issue tracker; coln; teamtype
- automerge repo launch post · automerge.org · 2023-11 (month) · original ID: src-ci-automerge-repo-blog
automerge repo launch post
- third-party lineage essay: engelbart→kay→i&s malleable software · brainmindsociety.org · 2026 (year) · original ID: src-ci-brainmindsociety
third-party lineage essay: engelbart→kay→i&s malleable software
- capstone credits list · github · 2018 (year) · original ID: src-ci-capstone-repo
capstone credits list; "no longer developing"
- wiggins interview · changelog · 2022-11-11 (day) · original ID: src-ci-changelog-514
wiggins interview; "2015 is when we reconvened"; founding with lindenbaum & henry
- definitional critique · deobald.ca · 2026-01-01 (day) · original ID: src-ci-deobald
definitional critique; local-first as spectrum; kleppmann 2024 redefinition
- beekem key agreement · inkandswitch.com · 2025-02 (month) · original ID: src-ci-dispatch-009
beekem key agreement; inkling open-sourced; lfc 2025 dates (may 27–28 berlin)
- automerge 3 · inkandswitch.com · 2025-07 (month) · original ID: src-ci-dispatch-012
automerge 3.0 official launch
- dispatch index nov 2023–jun 2026 · inkandswitch.com · 2026-06 (month) · original ID: src-ci-dispatch-archive
dispatch index nov 2023–jun 2026; proves continuous operation
- acm doi record · doi.org · 2019-10 (month) · original ID: src-ci-doi
acm doi record; proceedings citation
- dxos stack: echo p2p crdt db, composer workspace, cloud-optional · dxos.org · 2026 (year) · original ID: src-ci-dxos
dxos stack: echo p2p crdt db, composer workspace, cloud-optional
- earthstar spec/library for offline-first apps · earthstar-project.org · 2025 (year) · original ID: src-ci-earthstar
earthstar spec/library for offline-first apps
- earthstar repo · github · 2020-05-24 (day) · original ID: src-ci-earthstar-gh
earthstar repo; created 2020-05-24; ~919 stars
- electrics clean rebuild · electric.ax · 2024-07-17 (day) · original ID: src-ci-electric-next
electric's clean rebuild; drops write-path merging for read-path sync
- complete essay list w/ years (2018–2025) · inkandswitch.com · 2026-09 (month) · original ID: src-ci-essay-index
complete essay list w/ years (2018–2025)
- livestore early access · expo.dev · 2024-11 (month) · original ID: src-ci-expo-livestore
livestore early access; "based on… the riffle project"; overtone app
- feyerke/hoodie say hello to offline first — term origin · github · 2013-11-05 (day) · original ID: src-ci-feyerke-offline
feyerke/hoodie "say hello to offline first" — term origin
- litt: in september, i left my research position at ink & switch… now work at notion · buttondown · 2025-09 (month) · original ID: src-ci-geoffrey-job
litt: "in september, i left my research position at ink & switch… now work at notion"
- litt: malleable software in the age of llms — bridges to agent era · geoffreylitt.com · 2023-03-25 (day) · original ID: src-ci-geoffrey-malleable-llm
litt: "malleable software in the age of llms" — bridges to agent era
- ambsheets: 178 pts · hacker news · 2025-02-04 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-ambsheets
ambsheets: 178 pts
- show hn anytype local-first p2p: 184 pts · hacker news · 2023-12-28 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-anytype
show hn anytype local-first p2p: 184 pts
- automerge 2 · hacker news · 2023-01-30 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-automerge-2
automerge 2.0: 717 pts, 89 comments
- automerge github thread: 274 pts, 69 comments · hacker news · 2022-02-21 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-automerge-2022
automerge github thread: 274 pts, 69 comments
- automerge site thread: 268 pts, 58 comments · hacker news · 2024-07-16 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-automerge-2024
automerge site thread: 268 pts, 58 comments
- automerge 3 · hacker news · 2025-08-03 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-automerge-3
automerge 3.0: 353 pts
- automerge-repo: 219 pts · hacker news · 2023-11-08 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-automerge-repo
automerge-repo: 219 pts; miller/pvh benchmark exchange; pvh funding quote
- cambria lenses: 101 pts · hacker news · 2020-10-06 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-cambria
cambria lenses: 101 pts
- capstone: 254 pts, 41 comments · hacker news · 2019-06-23 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-capstone
capstone: 254 pts, 41 comments
- show hn colanode: 147 pts · hacker news · 2025-04-24 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-colanode
show hn colanode: 147 pts
- josephg conversion essay: 1,181 pts, 312 comments · hacker news · 2020-09-28 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-crdts-future
josephg conversion essay: 1,181 pts, 312 comments
- darn (i&s filesystem collab editing): 3 pts — minimal traction · hacker news · 2026-03-09 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-darn
darn (i&s filesystem collab editing): 3 pts — minimal traction
- zero launch: 99 pts · hacker news · 2024-12-18 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-day-zero
zero launch: 99 pts; boodman on replicache maintenance mode
- show hn electricsql: 617 pts, 170 comments · hacker news · 2023-09-20 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-electricsql
show hn electricsql: 617 pts, 170 comments
- end-user programming essay: 105 pts · hacker news · 2019-03-23 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-eup
end-user programming essay: 105 pts
- show hn fireproof: 99 pts · hacker news · 2024-11-19 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-fireproof
show hn fireproof: 99 pts
- crdts: the hard parts: 404 pts, 124 comments · hacker news · 2020-07-11 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-hard-parts
"crdts: the hard parts": 404 pts, 124 comments
- inkbase/programmable ink: 675 pts, 83 comments · hacker news · 2022-11-30 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-inkbase
inkbase/programmable ink: 675 pts, 83 comments
- keyhive: 167 pts · hacker news · 2025-10-02 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-keyhive
keyhive: 167 pts
- lfc announcement: 3 pts — conference traction was offline, not hn · hacker news · 2024-02-27 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-lfc-2024
lfc announcement: 3 pts — conference traction was offline, not hn
- livestore beta at lfc: 156 pts, 43 comments · hacker news · 2025-05-27 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-livestore
livestore beta at lfc: 156 pts, 43 comments
- prokopov essay thread: 689 pts, 280 comments · hacker news · 2024-06-25 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-local-first-forever
prokopov essay thread: 689 pts, 280 comments; skeptics vs loyalists
- essay launch thread: 566 pts, 190 comments · hacker news · 2019-05-02 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-localfirst-2019
essay launch thread: 566 pts, 190 comments
- repost: 68 pts · hacker news · 2020-07-29 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-localfirst-2020a
repost: 68 pts; crdt-worship skepticism; haverbeke link
- repost: 262 pts, 131 comments · hacker news · 2020-08-02 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-localfirst-2020b
repost: 262 pts, 131 comments
- repost: 185 pts · hacker news · 2022-06-02 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-localfirst-2022
repost: 185 pts
- repost: 227 pts · hacker news · 2023-10-02 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-localfirst-2023
repost: 227 pts
- biggest thread: 883 pts, 297 comments · hacker news · 2025-07-05 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-localfirst-2025
biggest thread: 883 pts, 297 comments
- show hn localgpt local-first ai: 331 pts, 153 comments · hacker news · 2026-02-08 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-localgpt
show hn localgpt local-first ai: 331 pts, 153 comments
- malleable software essay: 294 pts, 114 comments · hacker news · 2025-06-10 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-malleable
malleable software essay: 294 pts, 114 comments
- malleable systems collective manifesto: 336 pts, 204 comments · hacker news · 2020-04-13 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-malleable-systems
malleable systems collective manifesto: 336 pts, 204 comments
- morning-paper thread: 748 pts, 239 comments · hacker news · 2019-11-20 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-morningpaper-2019
morning-paper thread: 748 pts, 239 comments
- muse essay: 137 pts · hacker news · 2019-05-03 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-muse
muse essay: 137 pts
- peritext essay: 76 pts · hacker news · 2021-11-23 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-peritext
peritext essay: 76 pts
- potluck: 201 pts · hacker news · 2022-11-01 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-potluck
potluck: 201 pts
- sketchy calendar: 156 pts · hacker news · 2025-05-22 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-sketchy
sketchy calendar: 156 pts
- slow software: 438 pts, 260 comments · hacker news · 2018-11-21 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-slow-software
slow software: 438 pts, 260 comments
- upwelling: 37 pts · hacker news · 2023-03-09 (day) · original ID: src-ci-hn-upwelling
upwelling: 37 pts
- ten this year · inkandswitch.com · 2026-09 (month) · original ID: src-ci-homepage
"ten this year"; four research areas; allume/automerge as production software; lfc 2026 + godotcon appearances
- alex good qcon london talk · infoq.com · 2026-04-08 (day) · original ID: src-ci-infoq-good-talk
alex good qcon london talk; "i work at ink & switch… maintaining a library"
- wiggins: cloud-native→local-first · infoq.com · 2026-06-29 (day) · original ID: src-ci-infoq-wiggins-pod
wiggins: cloud-native→local-first; hybrid ai/local models remark
- zero 1 · infoq.com · 2026-06 (month) · original ID: src-ci-infoq-zero
zero 1.0 news; field framing (electric, instant, powersync, convex; jazz pointer)
- matt webb lab survey · interconnected.org · 2021-03-15 (day) · original ID: src-ci-interconnected-labs
matt webb lab survey; cites i&s "march 2015 pitch deck"
- ivan reese announcing the supporters/funding page · nostr.ae · 2025-04 (month) · original ID: src-ci-ivan-funding-note
ivan reese announcing the supporters/funding page
- jazz v2 alpha · jazz.tools · 2026-04-18 (day) · original ID: src-ci-jazz
jazz v2 alpha; credits i&s's cambria/peritext/keyhive + ecosystem libs
- reservations: storage limits, migrations, permissions · joodaloop.com · 2024 (year) · original ID: src-ci-joodaloop
reservations: storage limits, migrations, permissions; "irreducible complexity" (undated; reported)
- gentle: i was wrong · josephg.com · 2020-09-28 (day) · original ID: src-ci-josephg
gentle: "i was wrong. crdts are the future"
- hydra talk · martin.kleppmann.com · 2020-07-06 (day) · original ID: src-ci-kleppmann-hard-parts
hydra talk; "easy to implement badly"
- kleppmanns publication note · martin.kleppmann.com · 2019-10-23 (day) · original ID: src-ci-kleppmann-pub
kleppmann's publication note
- first lfc, berlin · localfirstconf.com · 2024-05-30 (day) · original ID: src-ci-lfc-2024
first lfc, berlin; organizers and speaker list
- lfc 2025 (may 26–28) · localfirstconf.com · 2025-05 (month) · original ID: src-ci-lfc-2025
lfc 2025 (may 26–28); pvh pre-day; "ink & switch lab director" billing
- lfc 2026, festsaal kreuzberg · localfirstconf.com · 2026-07-12 (day) · original ID: src-ci-lfc-2026
lfc 2026, festsaal kreuzberg; lab day hosted by ink & switch; wiggins/dahlberg/mann bios
- site for the worlds first local-first conference · github · 2024-05-30 (day) · original ID: src-ci-lfc-github
"site for the world's first local-first conference. berlin 30th may 2024"
- livestore positioning · livestore.dev · 2026 (year) · original ID: src-ci-livestore
livestore positioning; riffle→livestore lineage statement
- schickling: livestore open-source beta after 4 years · linkedin · 2025-05-27 (day) · original ID: src-ci-livestore-linkedin
schickling: livestore open-source beta after 4 years
- 35 upvotes · lobsters · 2019-05-02 (day) · original ID: src-ci-lobsters-2019
35 upvotes; ssb "independent reinvention" critique preserved