- [the high-flyer fund page](https://www.high-flyer.cn/en/fund/) — high-flyer.cn (2026-09, primary). official fund page: 2008 start, 21 oct 2016 first dl trade, full ai 2017, amac/sfc entities
- [official timeline 2008–2022](https://www.high-flyer.cn/history/) — high-flyer.cn (2026-09, primary). official timeline 2008–2022; ff1/ff2 specs+costs; donations; hq address 汇金国际大厦a座14层
- [fire-flyer ii stats (8tb/s read, feb-2022 stats)](https://www.high-flyer.cn/en/) — high-flyer.cn (2026-09, primary). fire-flyer ii stats (8tb/s read, feb-2022 stats)
- [release-date compilation (coder 11/2, llm 11/29/23…)](https://deepseekai.guide/guides/deepseek-history/) — deepseekai.guide (2026-09, reference). release-date compilation (coder 11/2, llm 11/29/23…)
- [alternate sizing (≥$300m / ≥$10b) — conflicts](https://www.htx.com/news/Industry%20News-NaLeqzRL/) — htx.com (2026, reporting). alternate sizing (≥$300m / ≥$10b) — conflicts; included for completeness
- [post-r1 pilgrimage scene](https://huacheng.gz-cmc.com/pages/2025/02/05/8264560671de48589877c8219afc51c6.html) — huacheng.gz-cmc.com (2025-02-05, reporting). post-r1 pilgrimage scene; deepseek declined all interviews
- [thesis title, advisor xiang zhiyu, chengdu years](https://interestingengineering.com/engineers-directory/liang-wenfeng) — interestingengineering.com (2025, reference). thesis title, advisor xiang zhiyu, chengdu years; gives 22-may-1985 (single-source)
- [ft detail: compliant next-gen chip designs discussed](https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2025/04/17/nvidia-chief-jensen-huang-flies-to-beijing-for-talks-after-us-clamps-down-on-chipmakers-sales-to-china/) — irishtimes.com (2025-04-17, reporting). ft detail: compliant next-gen chip designs discussed
- [entity names](https://jamestown.org/deepseeks-background-raises-multiple-concerns/) — jamestown.org (2025, reporting). entity names; lu zhengzhe ceo; yicai apr-17-2023; $1t market-loss framing
- [first product mar-2015](https://www.jiemian.com/article/3936228.html) — jiemian.com (2019-12, reporting). first product mar-2015; two 百亿 entities
- [annotated mirror](https://www.laojinchuhai.com/zh/classics/liang-wenfeng-anchorage-2024) — laojinchuhai.com (2024-07-17, archive). annotated mirror; calls it his only deep text interview
- [r2 status: unannounced, unreleased as of jul-2026](https://www.layer3labs.io/guides/deepseek-r2-explained) — layer3labs.io (2026-07, reporting). r2 status: unannounced, unreleased as of jul-2026; delay reporting recap
- [~84% deepseek, ≥76% high-flyer](https://legalclarity.org/who-owns-deepseek-hedge-fund-founder-china-ties/) — legalclarity.org (2025, reporting). ~84% deepseek, ≥76% high-flyer; april-2023 lab announcement
- [deepseek on linkedin: the $7.4b round](https://linkedin.com/company/deepseek-ai) — linkedin (2026-09, reference). $7.4b venture round 2026-06-01; hiring/alumni flows
- [math-v2: imo-25 & cmo-24 gold-level](https://arxiv.org/html/2511.22570) — arxiv.org (2025-11-27, primary). math-v2: imo-25 & cmo-24 gold-level; putnam 118/120
- [authors: shao, luo, lu, ren, hu, ye, gou, ma, zhang](https://github.com/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-Math-V2) — github (2025-11-27, repo). authors: shao, luo, lu, ren, hu, ye, gou, ma, zhang
- [app released jan 10 on ios+android](https://mobiledevmemo.com/deepseek-and-consumer-ais-first-mover-disadvantage/) — mobiledevmemo.com (2025-01-29, reporting). app released jan 10 on ios+android
- [the deepseek model history](https://chat-deep.ai/models/deepseek-model-history/) — chat-deep.ai (2026-09, reference). v3.1 hybrid design, ~840b added tokens; v3.2 stages
- [r1 peer-reviewed](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09422-z) — nature.com (2025-09-17, primary). r1 peer-reviewed; nature 645:633–638; received feb-14, accepted jul-17
- [neutral exit details](https://m.nbd.com.cn/articles/2024-10-19/3596588.html) — m.nbd.com.cn (2024-10-19, reporting). neutral exit details; sept-11 earlier notice; <5% aum
- [reporters at registered address](https://www.nbd.com.cn/articles/2025-02-05/3741791.html) — nbd.com.cn (2025-02-05, reporting). reporters at registered address; hangzhou+beijing entities; no interviews; million-yuan job posts
- [$14b peak aum](https://www.ndtv.com/world-news/liang-wenfeng-who-is-the-mysterious-founder-of-chinas-deepseek-8476821) — ndtv.com (2025, reporting). $14b peak aum; ~35% best-year annualized (reported)
- [v4 report ~300 authors](https://www.newsglobenow.com/new346166.html) — newsglobenow.com (2026, reporting). v4 report ~300 authors; 10 flagged departed; destinations
- [how deepseek trained on crippled hardware](https://www.nextplatform.com/ai/2025/01/27/how-did-deepseek-train-its-ai-model-on-a-lot-less-and-crippled-hardware/1656116) — nextplatform.com (2025-01-27, reporting). v3 671b/37b, 14.8t tokens; h800 analysis
- [open source week index](https://github.com/deepseek-ai/open-infra-index) — github (2025-02-24, repo). open source week index; daily drops list
- [prover-v2 (7b/671b), lean 4](https://github.com/DeepSeek-AI/DeepSeek-Prover-V2) — github (2025-04-30, repo). prover-v2 (7b/671b), lean 4
- [zhejiang jiuzhang on the registry](https://m.qcc.com/firm/a98fad1ecd3a1fdc67772b113d2678c7.html) — m.qcc.com (2026-09, primary). 浙江九章资产 est. 2015-06-11; legal rep xu jin; ex-name 杭州幻方科技
- [杭州幻方科技 personnel/patents](https://www.qcc.com/cmainmember/0def0492b8976e22d06ad1a44d4203a6) — qcc.com (2026-09, primary). 杭州幻方科技 personnel/patents; news tickers incl. feb-2025 funding-rumor denials
- [li cheng/meng pengfei rmb-118m rebate case](https://news.qq.com/rain/a/20250807A09AS300) — news.qq.com (2025-08-07, reporting). li cheng/meng pengfei rmb-118m rebate case; gao xiang
- [q3-2024 aum est](https://news.qq.com/rain/a/20241020A059LS00) — news.qq.com (2024-10-20, reporting). q3-2024 aum est. rmb 50–60b
- [huawei onsite team](https://www.theregister.com/software/2025/08/14/dodgy_huawei_chips_nearly_sunk_deepseeks_next_gen_r2_mode/753616) — theregister.com (2025-08-14, reporting). huawei onsite team; ascend→inference-only; no fp8
- [commerce probe](https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-looking-into-whether-deepseek-used-restricted-ai-chips-source-says-2025-01-31/) — reuters (2025-01-31, reporting). commerce probe; singapore/malaysia/uae smuggling tracking; h800 legal in 2023
- [garante block order](https://www.reuters.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/italys-privacy-watchdog-blocks-chinese-ai-app-deepseek-2025-01-30/) — reuters (2025-01-30, reporting). garante block order
- [one of nine speakers](https://www.reuters.com/technology/deepseek-founder-liang-wenfeng-puts-focus-chinese-innovation-2025-01-28/) — reuters (2025-01-28, reporting). one of nine speakers; >rmb 100b end-2021 aum
- [ft: ascend training failure delayed r2](https://www.reuters.com/world/china/deepseeks-launch-new-ai-model-delayed-by-huawei-chip-issues-ft-reports-2025-08-14/) — reuters (2025-08-14, reporting). ft: ascend training failure delayed r2
- [deepseek-r2 launch stalled; ceo balks](https://www.reuters.com/world/china/deepseek-r2-launch-stalled-ceo-balks-progress-information-reports-2025-06-26/) — reuters (2025-06-26, reporting). r2 stalled; liang unsatisfied; planned may
- [sc24 proceedings listing + full author list](https://sc24.supercomputing.org/proceedings/tech_paper/tech_paper_pages/pap350.html) — sc24.supercomputing.org (2024, primary). sc24 proceedings listing + full author list
- [jan-20 li qiang symposium](https://www.scmp.com/tech/policy/article/3295662/beijing-meeting-puts-spotlight-chinas-new-face-ai-deepseek-founder-liang-wenfeng) — scmp.com (2025-01-21, reporting). jan-20 li qiang symposium
- [the deepseek release-date timeline](https://www.scriptbyai.com/deepseek-timeline-release-dates/) — scriptbyai.com (2026-09, reference). 2025-26 release dates (v3.1 8/21, terminus 9/22, v3.2-exp 9/29, v3.2 12/1…)
- [~50k hopper-class estimate (10k h800 + 10k h100 + h20 orders)](https://newsletter.semianalysis.com/p/deepseek-debates) — newsletter.semianalysis.com (2025-01-31, reporting). ~50k hopper-class estimate (10k h800 + 10k h100 + h20 orders); >$500m; shared hf/ds resources
- [xu jin career (getui founder, huawei)](https://dc.simuwang.com/manager/PL000001PC.html) — dc.simuwang.com (undated, reference). xu jin career (getui founder, huawei); ningbo lp est. 2016-02-15; core-member list
- [case details](https://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/2025-08-11/doc-infkriev5791603.shtml) — finance.sina.com.cn (2025-08-11, reporting). case details; company denial of corporate involvement; >rmb 60b mid-2025
- [jiuzhang equity: liang 85%, zheng and xu 7.5% each](https://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/2026-01-18/doc-inhhswkz2236466.shtml) — finance.sina.com.cn (2026-01-18, reporting). jiuzhang entity: liang 85%, zheng/xu 7.5% each
- [departures list incl](https://substack.com/@sinocism/note/c-245366529) — substack (2026, community). departures list incl. guo daya (apr 2026), grpo, 37k citations
- [feb-17 xi symposium confirmed via yuyuantantian](https://www.thestandard.com.hk/finance/article/227878/DeepSeek-founder-confirmed-in-the-meeting-with-Xi) — thestandard.com.hk (2025-02-17, reporting). feb-17 xi symposium confirmed via yuyuantantian
- [the record-drawdown apology](https://news.stcn.com/sd/202112/t20211229_4020820.html) — news.stcn.com (2021-12-29, reporting). 证券时报: dec-28 apology, 10.66% record drawdown, 497 products, nov-15/25 measures
- [guo profile: sysu phd, msra, codebert](https://ai.techbuzzchina.com/profile/daya-guo) — ai.techbuzzchina.com (2026-09, reference). guo profile: sysu phd, msra, codebert
- [2008 stock-dabbling trio](https://techcentral.co.za/liang-wenfeng-built-deepseek-hedge-fund/258390/) — techcentral.co.za (2025-02, reporting). 2008 stock-dabbling trio; no overseas experience; systematic turn 2015
- [#1 us app store jan 26](https://techcrunch.com/2025/01/27/deepseek-displaces-chatgpt-as-the-app-stores-top-app/) — techcrunch (2025-01-27, reporting). #1 us app store jan 26; 51 countries (appfigures)
- [italy/taiwan/navy/texas ban roundup](https://techcrunch.com/2025/02/03/deepseek-the-countries-and-agencies-that-have-banned-the-ai-companys-tech/) — techcrunch (2025-02-03, reporting). italy/taiwan/navy/texas ban roundup
- [travel curbs + zhejiang investor screening](https://techcrunch.com/2025/03/14/china-is-reportedly-keeping-deepseek-under-close-watch/) — techcrunch (2025-03-14, reporting). travel curbs + zhejiang investor screening
- [pre-meeting reporting (bloomberg)](https://techcrunch.com/2025/02/14/deepseek-founder-liang-wenfeng-is-reportedly-set-to-meet-with-chinas-xi-jinping/) — techcrunch (2025-02-14, reporting). pre-meeting reporting (bloomberg)
- [hurun debut rmb 33b](https://technode.com/2025/03/28/deepseek-founder-liang-wenfeng-joins-global-billionaires-list/) — technode.com (2025-03-28, reporting). hurun debut rmb 33b; >80% stake
- [v3 launch 12/26/24](https://news.qq.com/rain/a/20250106A09UJ500) — news.qq.com (2025-01-06, reporting). v3 launch 12/26/24; schmidt quote; aum 200–300亿 claim; ff1/ff2 figures
- [full text of liangs golden bull speech](https://developer.cloud.tencent.com/news/433786) — developer.cloud.tencent.com (2019, archive). full text of liang's golden bull speech
- [verbatim apology quotes](https://m.thepaper.cn/kuaibao_detail.jsp?contid=16043924&from=kuaibao) — m.thepaper.cn (2021-12-29, reporting). verbatim apology quotes; wechat "千万莫动手" screenshot
- [the deepseek-v3.2-exp repo](https://github.com/deepseek-ai/deepseek-v3.2-exp) — github (2025-09-29, repo). v3.2-exp, deepseek sparse attention
- [the v4 preview: pro + flash, 1m context](https://www.deepseek.com/en/news/v4-preview/) — deepseek.com (2026-04-24, primary). v4 preview: pro 1.6t/49b, flash 284b/13b, 1m ctx
- [the deepseek-v4.1-flash announcement](https://www.deepseek.com/en/news/deepseek-v4-1-flash/) — deepseek.com (2026-09-10, primary). v4.1-flash, native multimodal; v4-pro phase-out
- [censorship-safe prompt detail](https://www.theverge.com/ai-artificial-intelligence/883243/anthropic-claude-deepseek-china-ai-distillation) — the verge (2026-02-23, reporting). "censorship-safe" prompt detail; openai letter quote
- [>$500b nvidia loss](https://www.theverge.com/ai-artificial-intelligence/598846/deepseek-big-tech-ai-industry-nvidia-impac) — the verge (2025-01, reporting). >$500b nvidia loss; r1 $5.6m claim; "agi" liang quote
- [the information: passports held by high-flyer](https://www.theverge.com/tech/629946/deepseek-engineers-have-handed-in-their-china-passports) — the verge (2025-03, reporting). the information: passports held by high-flyer
- [full-text mirror used for verbatim quotes](https://wallstreetcn.com/articles/3719982) — wallstreetcn.com (2024-07-18, interview). full-text mirror used for verbatim quotes
- [17 jul 2023 founding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepSeek) — wikipedia (2026-09, reference). 17 jul 2023 founding; 160 staff; release table; anthropic note
- [feb 2016 incorporation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-Flyer_(company)) — wikipedia (2026-09, reference). feb 2016 incorporation; founders; aum $10b (dec 2025); 160 staff (2021)
- [1985 / zhanjiang / zju meng 2010](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131847088) — wikidata.org (2026-09, reference). 1985 / zhanjiang / zju meng 2010
- [letting research reports speak](https://tthmx.com/hangye/90274.html) — tthmx.com (2025-02-25, reporting). "letting research reports speak"; api pricing change note
- [same text, dated](https://xueqiu.com/3619239198/132180425) — xueqiu.com (2019-09-09, archive). same text, dated; "基金经理就是一堆服务器"
- [site-visit profile w/ xu jin interview: founder/classmate structure, ai/pricing split](https://m.ylcf.com.cn/tzgj/zx/87477.html) — m.ylcf.com.cn (undated, reporting). site-visit profile w/ xu jin interview: founder/classmate structure, ai/pricing split
- [zju page: xu jin bio — chu kochen mixed class, signal-processing phd, yutu rover nav](https://www.zju.edu.cn/2017/0608/c33485a514822/pagem.htm) — zju.edu.cn (2017-06-08, primary). zju page: xu jin bio — chu kochen mixed class, signal-processing phd, yutu rover nav

AI-drafted at Ben Guo's direct request and credited to Hraness; every claim links to its cataloged source.

Canonical page: https://hraness.com/deepseek/sources


Published by @ben in profile revision 1.
Original document: https://hraness.com/deepseek/sources
Original credited author: Hraness
AI-drafted at Ben Guo's direct request and credited to Hraness; every claim links to its cataloged source.

## Structured source and record data

````json
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````